How thousands mile away ocean current affects Indian economy

It is really astonishing to know that a small ocean current so far from the Indian subcontinent can have such a huge impact on the life of the people of India and its economy. Monsoon in India is one of the most influential factors; it completely guides the life of farmers and almost every human in this country, and what guides the monsoon is a small warm current on the coast of Peru. El Niño (Spanish name for the male child) is a warm current appearing annually around Christmas time along the coast of Ecuador and Peru and lasting only a few weeks to a month or more. This current was first recognized by the fisherman; in most years, trade winds flowing from the southeast push the warm water away from the coast. In its place, the cold water comes up on the surface due to upwelling. This brings food for the fish, and hence they have a good catch of fish. This was the reason why Peru was the number one fishing nation in the world till the 1970s, and this same helps in the strengthening of the monsoon in India and nearby areas.

However, every few years there is change in wind circulation such that current becomes weak and there is accumulation of warm water on the surface instead of cold water which lowers the catch of fishes and weakens the monsoon and sometime affect is so sever that it leads to the drought in the Indian subcontinent, meteorologist believe that the severe drought of 1987 in India was caused by El-Nino. How could the weakening of the warm current lead to the drought? It's not quite simple, but let's see what's actually happening. Due to the warm water, the overlying air becomes warm, and the air pressure above the eastern Pacific drops. On the other hand, water cools off in the western Pacific and off Asia. This leads to an increase in the air pressure over the Indian Ocean, which lowers the differential pressure on land and sea and hence weakens the wind blowing from the ocean to land and monsoon, and affects the Indian economy.

El Niño not only affects the monsoon, but it also influences a whole lot of things over the globe. It brings heavy rains in Ecuador, Peru, and southern Brazil, but drought in Zimbabwe, Mozambique, South Africa, and India. El Niño is responsible for coral bleaching worldwide. In short, El Niño can be aptly considered the butterfly effect for worldwide climate, because it is one of the most minute but significant factors affecting the worldwide climate. So you could never imagine how a life of a farmer in a village is manipulated by something so far away from him, the ways of nature are really very amazing, look so chaotic, but still carry a deep harmony within.

El Niño was originally recognized by fisherman off the coast of Peru in South America.
http://www.gktoday.in/el-nino-and-la-nina-and-their-impact-on-indian-weather

El Niño was originally recognized by fisherman off the coast of Peru in South America.
http://www.gktoday.in/el-nino-and-la-nina-and-their-impact-on-indian-weather/

El Niño was originally recognized by fisherman off the coast of Peru in South America.
http://www.gktoday.in/el-nino-and-la-nina-and-their-impact-on-indian-weather/

El Niño was originally recognized by fisherman off the coast of Peru in South America.
http://www.gktoday.in/el-nino-and-la-nina-and-their-impact-on-indian-weather

El Niño was originally recognized by fisherman off the coast of Peru in South America.
http://www.gktoday.in/el-nino-and-la-nina-and-their-impact-on-indian-weWeather forecast is one of the most chaotic subject to stu